Abatement refers generally to a lessening, diminution, reduction, or moderation; specifically, it may refer to:

• 421-a tax abatement, property tax exemption in the U.S. state of New York
• Abatement of debts and legacies, a common law doctrine of wills
• Abatement in pleading, a legal defense to civil and criminal actions
• Abatement (heraldry), a modification of the shield or coat of arms imposed by authority for misconduct
• Asbestos abatement, removal of asbestos from structures
• Bird abatement, driving or removing undesired birds from an area
• Dust abatement, the process of inhibiting the creation of excess soil dust
• Graffiti abatement, a joint effort between groups to eliminate graffiti
• Marginal abatement cost, the marginal cost of reducing pollution
• Noise abatement, strategies to reduce noise pollution or its impact
• Nuisance abatement, regulatory compliance methodology
• Tax abatement, temporary reduction or elimination of a tax